What primary legal document outlines individual rights, including protection from unreasonable searches?

The Bill of Rights is the primary legal document that specifically outlines individual rights and liberties, including protection from unreasonable searches and seizures. Ratified in 1791 as the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution, the Bill of Rights includes the Fourth Amendment, which explicitly prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and sets the standard for legal searches, ensuring that citizens have a reasonable expectation of privacy in their persons, homes, and property.

The Constitution serves as the framework for U.S. law, but it is the Bill of Rights that directly enumerates specific protections afforded to individuals. The Declaration of Independence, while historically significant and expressing the intent to secure individual rights, does not serve as a legal document that prescribes rules or protections enforceable by law. The Magna Carta, an important historical document in the context of the development of legal rights, predates the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights and does not specifically address the protections related to searches as established in American law.