What is the fundamental role of the judicial branch of government?

The fundamental role of the judicial branch of government is to interpret laws. This involves reviewing and analyzing the constitutionality of statutes, regulations, and legal interpretations, ensuring that laws align with the principles set forth in the Constitution. The judicial branch serves as an arbiter of justice, applying the law to individual cases, resolving disputes, and protecting the rights of individuals against potential government overreach.

In this function, courts assess the meaning and implications of laws established by the legislative branch and often make rulings that can shape how laws are applied in practice. This interpretive process is crucial for maintaining a system of checks and balances within government, ensuring that the executive and legislative branches act within the limits of the law. By interpreting laws, the judicial branch upholds the rule of law and provides clarity on legal issues.