What does willfully mean with respect to culpability levels?

The term "willfully" in the context of culpability refers to actions that are deliberate and done with purpose, excluding those that are merely negligent. This means that for an act to be considered willful, it must involve a conscious decision to engage in that particular behavior, rather than simply being careless or failing to act appropriately.

When analyzing culpability levels, understanding that willful actions encompass a broader spectrum than just intentional or reckless behavior helps clarify its definition. While willfulness includes intentional actions, it is not limited only to them. Instead, it affirms a recognition of the behavior performed; hence, the inclusion of acts done with purpose but not solely tied to intent or recklessness. This ensures a more complete understanding of the spectrum of culpable actions and highlights distinctions between different levels of severity in behavior.